Abstract: The rice and grian policy in China after reform and opening up are discussed in the paper. National grain production and circulation administrating from planning and managing openly, to marketization managing and macroeconomic regulation and control are divided into three periods: 1) change of unified procurement and sales from 1979 and rapid increasement of grain production from 5 1st national documents in 1982-1986; 2) pay attention to grain and controlled managing grain after decreasement of agriculture because industrialization; 3) marketization managing and macroeconomic regulation and control and developing with subsidies from 2004.

Key words: rice, culture, grains, policy, reform and opening up, China

摘要： 在前文介绍我国古代到改革开放前的稻与粮政的基础上，本文概要介绍和分析了我国改革开放以后稻与粮政的关系。改革开放后，国家对粮食管理经历了计划和逐步放开管理到粮食市场化和宏观调控的转变，具体可分为三个时期：1979年开始的粮食统购统销的改变和1982-1986年5个“一号文件”带来粮食生产的快速发展时期；1994年工业化发展农业滑坡后国家的再次重视和控制时期；2004年开始的粮食宏观调控和放开市场及补贴发展时期。

关键词: 水稻, 文化, 粮食, 政策, 改革开放, 中国